Because Earth’s orbit around the Sun and the Moon’s orbit around Earth are not perfect circles, the distances between them change throughout their orbits.
14, 2023, a solar eclipse will be visible across North and South America, as the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, blocking the Sun's light from our perspective. In Metal Math, students will do their own investigation of the asteroid's makeup, using pi to calculate the approximate density of Psyche and compare that to the density of known terrestrial materials. Determining how much metal exists on the asteroid is one of the key objectives of the mission. The mission will use specialized tools to study Psyche's composition from orbit. By sending a spacecraft to study Psyche up close, scientists hope to learn more about terrestrial planet cores and our solar system’s history. Earth and other terrestrial planets have metal cores, but they are buried deep inside the planets, so they are difficult to study. Orbiting the Sun between Mars and Jupiter, the asteroid (16) Psyche is of particular interest to scientists because its surface may be metallic. In Rad Reflection, students use pi to gain a new understanding of our ability to peer deep into the cosmos by comparing the area of Hubble’s primary mirror with the one on Webb. In 2022, the next great observatory, the James Webb Space Telescope, began exploring the infrared universe with an even larger mirror from a location beyond the orbit of the Moon. Hubble’s discoveries, which are made possible in part by its mirror, rewrote astronomy textbooks. When NASA launched the Hubble Space Telescope in 1990, scientists hoped that the telescope, with its large mirror and sensitivity to ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light, would unlock secrets of the universe from an orbit high above the atmosphere. In Tubular Tally, students use pi to determine the volume of a rock sample collected in a single tube. Once the samples are brought to Earth, scientists will be able to study them more closely with equipment that is too large to make the trip to Mars. To keep the rock cores pristine on the journey to Earth, the rover hermetically seals them inside a specially designed sample tube. Sending objects from Mars to Earth is very difficult and something we've never done before. NASA’s Mars rover, Perseverance, was designed to collect rock samples that will eventually be brought to Earth by a future mission. Credits: Brocken Inaglory, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons | + Expand image Tubular Tally A similar eclipse will be visible from the South Pacific on May 10, 2013. The bottom right frame illustrates the distinctive ring, or "annulus," of such eclipses. This image sequence shows an annular solar eclipse from May 2012.
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